Bilateral redistribution

We explore the implications of three basic and intuitive axioms for income redistribution problems: continuity, no transfer paradox and stability. The combination of the three axioms characterizes in the two-agent case a large family of rules, which we call threshold rules. For each level of total income in society, a threshold is considered for each agent. It is impossible for both agents to be below their respective thresholds. If an agent’s income is below the threshold, the difference is redistributed from the other agent; otherwise, the rule imposes laissez-faire.     

区域战略性新兴产业创新生态系统稳定水平评价研究

评估区域战略性新兴产业创新生态系统稳定水平，是调节与保障战略性新兴产业创新生态系统顺利运行的有效手段。结合创新生态系统稳定性表现，从结构、功能以及效益3个维度，构建战略性新兴产业创新生态系统稳定水平评价指标体系，引入熵权与层次分析方法进行组合赋权，设计基于规则的战略性新兴产业创新生态系统稳定水平评价方法，并以黑龙江省为例进行实证研究，最后提出保障创新生态系统稳定水平的优化策略。     

Excess capacity,production technology and technical inefficiency in hospitality sector

This article examines the effects of excess capacity on the production cost and technical inefficiency of hotels and restaurants in Norway. The dataset includes a daily unbalanced panel of 94 hotels and restaurants from 2003 to 2014. To accommodate inefficiency, we use an input distance function (IDF). Inefficiency in the IDF means that if inputs are overused by k% then production cost is also increased by k%. We also allow inefficiency to differ across locations and regions by using them as determinants. The results indicate that excess capacity considerably affects the cost and increases inefficiency. The marginal effect on cost increases with excess capacity, but the effect on inefficiency sets in when it exceeds 50 percent. Furthermore, we find less overuse of inputs by firms in small metro towns and the Northern region causing them to be more efficient [except for the Southern and Western regions] than their counterparts.     

Transitions between equilibria in bilingual games under logit choice

We study the effect of introducing a bilingual option on the long run equilibrium outcome in a class of two-strategy coordination games with distinct payoff and risk dominant equilibria under the logit choice rule. Existing results show that in the class of two-strategy games under consideration, the inefficient risk dominant equilibrium is selected in the long run under noisy best response models. We show that if the cost of the bilingual option is sufficiently low then the efficient payoff dominant equilibrium will be selected in the long run under the logit choice rule.     

Behavioral equilibrium and evolutionary dynamics in asset markets

This paper analyzes a dynamic stochastic equilibrium model of an asset market based on behavioral and evolutionary principles. The core of the model is a non-traditional game-theoretic framework combining elements of stochastic dynamic games and evolutionary game theory. Its key characteristic feature is that it relies only on objectively observable market data and does not use hidden individual agents’ characteristics (such as their utilities and beliefs). A central goal of the study is to identify an investment strategy that allows an investor to survive in the market selection process, i.e., to keep with probability one a strictly positive, bounded away from zero share of market wealth over an infinite time horizon, irrespective of the strategies used by the other players. The main results show that under very general assumptions, such a strategy exists, is asymptotically unique and easily computable.     

平台企业主导的创新生态系统稳定性研究：基于企业间网络关系视角

平台企业主导的创新生态系统作为一种特殊类型生态系统，是由平台主导企业提供基本创新架构并与其它相关企业及关联机构组成的网络组织，企业间网络关系是创新生态系统的本质特征。基于企业间网络关系分析平台企业主导的创新生态系统网络的成员、联系、结构及功能特征,讨论网络结构变量对平台企业主导的创新生态系统稳定性的影响，以山东省30个平台企业主导的创新生态系统为调研样本，通过问卷调查方式，对所提出的假设进行检验。数据相关分析和回归分析结果表明：强有力的创新生态系统主导企业、系统内伙伴企业密度、企业本地化以及企业异质性4个因素对创新生态系统稳定性具有显著正向影响；系统内伙伴企业互惠性和居间性与创新生态系统稳定性之间关系不显著。最后，基于研究结论，提出保持平台企业主导的创新生态系统网络稳定性的政策建议。     

金融中介发展对中国技术效率影响的实证分析

本文运用随机前沿技术实证分析了金融中介发展对我国技术效率的具体影响。分析结果指出,金融中介发展对于我国技术效率的影响具有明显的区域差异特性。在东部地区,金融中介发展有利于技术效率的增长;但从全国范围来看,这种积极作用发生了逆向变化。     

中国银行业市场结构演变的金融稳定效应研究

银行业市场结构模式到底是“集中-稳定”还是“集中-脆弱”观点尚未达成一致,但是通过采用熵值分解指数来刻画我国银行业市场结构可以针对该问题给出较为合理的答案。研究结果表明,我国银行业市场结构的集中程度与风险之间的关系是负相关的,我国较高的银行业市场集中度,某种程度上提高了我国银行业体系的稳定程度。     

Realizing stock market crashes: stochastic cusp catastrophe model of returns under time-varying volatility

This paper develops a two-step estimation methodology that allows us to apply catastrophe theory to stock market returns with time-varying volatility and to model stock market crashes. In the first step, we utilize high-frequency data to estimate daily realized volatility from returns. Then, we use stochastic cusp catastrophe theory on data normalized by the estimated volatility in the second step to study possible discontinuities in the markets. We support our methodology through simulations in which we discuss the importance of stochastic noise and volatility in a deterministic cusp catastrophe model. The methodology is empirically tested on nearly 27 years of US stock market returns covering several important recessions and crisis periods. While we find that the stock markets showed signs of bifurcation in the first half of the period, catastrophe theory was not able to confirm this behaviour in the second half. Translating the results, we find that the US stock market’s downturns were more likely to be driven by the endogenous market forces during the first half of the studied period, while during the second half of the period, exogenous forces seem to be driving the market’s instability. The results suggest that the proposed methodology provides an important shift in the application of catastrophe theory to stock markets.     

中国企业研发效率动态演进的背后：市场化改革的力量

本文基于1999—2011年中国省际高新技术产业层面的研发数据,综合运用生产要素产出弹性模型和格林（2005）提出的真正固定效应随机前沿模型,实证检验了市场化改革对企业研发效率动态演进的实际影响效应,并进一步探析国有经济和行业保护政策在市场化改革塑造企业研发效率的过程中所扮演的角色。基于产业维度的核算结果表明,研究期间中国高新技术企业整体研发效率大约偏离最优效率37％～44％,但其在市场化进程中表现出稳步提升的动态演进趋势,研发中间产出效率和最终产出效率分别从1999年的0．403和0．523（0．490）提高到2011年的0．713和0．766（0．755）。更为重要的是,经验证据表明市场化改革确实是推动中国高新技术企业研发效率持续动态增进的背后驱动力量;但国有经济和行业保护政策显著抑制了市场力量对企业研发效率塑造能力的充分发挥,具体表现为市场化改革在国有经济和保护性行业中不仅无法起到提升研发效率的作用,反而还可能具有损害企业研发效率的负面影响。